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Champerico, Puerto San Jose, Puerto Quetzal and Puerto Barrios.
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About
Guatemala
Guatemala
Population: 14,280,596 (July 2004 est.)
Languages: Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially
recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel,
Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)
Capital: Guatemala
Government Type: Constitutional Democratic Republic
Independence Day: 15 September 1821 (from Spain)
Legal System: Civil law system; judicial review of legislative
acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction.
Currency: Quetzal (GTQ), US dollar (USD), others allowed
Executive
Branch:
Chief
of State: President Oscar Jose Rafael BERGER Perdomo (since
14 January 2004); Vice President Eduardo STEIN Barillas (since
14 January 2004); note - the president is both the chief of
state and head of government.
Head of Government: President Oscar Jose Rafael BERGER Perdomo
(since 14 January 2004); Vice President Eduardo STEIN Barillas
(since 14 January 2004); note - the president is both the chief
of state and head of government.
American
Embassy: 7-01 Avenida Reforma, Zone 10, Guatemala City
Mailing Address: APO AA 34024
Telephone: [502] 2331-1541/55 FAX: [502] 2334-8477
General Overview: The Maya civilization flourished in Guatemala
and surrounding regions during the first millennium A.D. After
almost three centuries as a Spanish colony, Guatemala won its
independence in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century,
it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments
as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government
signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict, which
had led to the death of more than 100,000 people and had created
some 1 million refugees.
Economic
Overview: Guatemala is the largest and most populous of the
Central American countries with a GDP per capita roughly one-half
that of Brazil, Argentina, and Chile. The agricultural sector
accounts for about one-fourth of GDP, two-thirds of exports,
and half of the labor force. Coffee, sugar, and bananas are
the main products. The 1996 signing of peace accords, which
ended 36 years of civil war, removed a major obstacle to foreign
investment, but widespread political violence and corruption
scandals continue to dampen investor confidence. The distribution
of income remains highly unequal, with perhaps 75% of the population
below the poverty line. Ongoing challenges include increasing
government revenues, negotiating further assistance from international
donors, upgrading both government and private financial operations,
curtailing drug trafficking, and narrowing the trade deficit.
International
Disputes: Guatemalan squatters continue to settle in Belize
border region; OAS brokered Differendum in 2002 creating small
adjustment to land boundary, large Guatemalan maritime corridor
in Caribbean, joint ecological park for disputed Sapodilla Cays,
and substantial US-UK financial package, but agreement was not
brought to popular referendum leaving Guatemala to continue
to claim the southern half of Belize intact; numbers of Guatemalans
enter Mexico seeking work or transit to the US.
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