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About
Fiji
Fiji
Population: 880,874 (July 2004 est.)
Languages: English (official), Fijian, Hindustani
Capital: Suva (Viti Levu)
Government Type: Republic note: military coup leader Maj. Gen.
Sitiveni RABUKA formally declared Fiji a republic on 6 October
1987.
Independence Day: 10 October 1970 (from UK)
Legal System: NA
Currency: Fijian dollar (FJD)
Executive
Branch:
Chief
of State: President Ratu Josefa ILOILOVATU Uluivuda (since NA
2000).
Head of Government: Prime Minister Laisenia QARASE (since 10
September 2000).
American
Embassy: 31 Loftus Street, Suva
Mailing Address: P. O. Box 218, Suva
Telephone: [679] 331-4466 FAX: [679] 330-0081
General Overview: Fiji became independent in 1970, after nearly
a century as a British colony. Democratic rule was interrupted
by two military coups in 1987, caused by concern over a government
perceived as dominated by the Indian community (descendants
of contract laborers brought to the islands by the British in
the 19th century). A 1990 constitution favored native Melanesian
control of Fiji, but led to heavy Indian emigration; the population
loss resulted in economic difficulties, but ensured that Melanesians
became the majority. Amendments enacted in 1997 made the constitution
more equitable. Free and peaceful elections in 1999 resulted
in a government led by an Indo-Fijian, but a coup in May 2000
ushered in a prolonged period of political turmoil. Parliamentary
elections held in August 2001 provided Fiji with a democratically
elected government and gave a mandate to the government of Prime
Minister Laisenia QARASE.
Economic
Overview: Fiji, endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources,
is one of the most developed of the Pacific island economies,
though still with a large subsistence sector. Sugar exports
and a growing tourist industry - with 300,000 to 400,000 tourists
annually - are the major sources of foreign exchange. Sugar
processing makes up one-third of industrial activity. Long-term
problems include low investment, uncertain land ownership rights,
and the government's ability to manage its budget. Yet short-run
economic prospects are good, provided tensions do not again
erupt between indigenous Fijians and Indo-Fijians.
International
Disputes: None
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